Laminar flow operating room

Classification: Based on airflow pattern, operating rooms can be classified into turbulent flow, horizontal parallel flow, and vertical parallel flow. In turbulent flow, clean air is supplied to the room through air outlets, mixes with indoor air, and is then exhausted through return air outlets. In horizontal parallel flow, the supply air walls are fully equipped with HEPA filters, supplying air horizontally, while the return air walls are fully equipped with pre-filters. In vertical parallel flow, the ceiling is fully equipped with HEPA filters, supplying air vertically downwards, with return air outlets on both sides of the operating table along its length.

Grading and Application Scope:

●Class I (Extra Clean Operating Room): Cleanliness level of 100, suitable for aseptic procedures in joint replacement surgery, organ transplantation surgery, and neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, and ophthalmology.

●Class II (Standard Clean Operating Room): Cleanliness level of 1000, suitable for aseptic procedures involving Class I incisions in thoracic surgery, plastic surgery, urology, hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery, orthopedic surgery, and general surgery.

●Class III (General Clean Operating Room): Cleanliness level of 10,000, suitable for general surgery (excluding Class I incision surgeries), obstetrics and gynecology surgeries, etc.

●Class IV (Near-Clean Operating Room): Cleanliness level of 100,000, suitable for colorectal surgery, ICU, and other surgeries involving contamination.

Features:

●Low bacterial count and low concentration of anesthetic gases.

●Comfortable airflow is provided; indoor temperature can be adjusted between 15-25℃, and humidity between 50-65%.

●Positive pressure airflow (+23-25Pa) prevents external contamination from entering.

●The air in the operating room is fresh and clean, providing a comfortable working environment.

●Generally, no physical or chemical disinfection methods are required, saving labor and eliminating the risk of hospital-acquired infections from harmful gases.

System Components:

●Air Purification System: Includes filters, air conditioning units, fans, and ductwork; this is the core component of the laminar flow operating room.

●Control System: Used to precisely control and monitor parameters such as temperature, humidity, airflow, and differential pressure in the operating room, and has an alarm function.

●Lighting System: Uses shadowless lamps as the main lighting equipment, providing uniform, shadow-free, high-brightness illumination, and also includes auxiliary lighting fixtures.

●Medical Equipment System: Equipped with various advanced medical equipment such as operating tables, anesthesia machines, and monitors.

Design and Layout

●Zone Division: Typically divided into sterile, semi-sterile, and non-sterile areas, strictly separating different zones to reduce the risk of cross-infection.

●Circulation Planning: The internal circulation design should be rational, ensuring smooth flow of medical staff, patients, and equipment. A unidirectional flow is usually adopted to avoid backflow.

●Spatial Layout: The placement of surgical equipment and the work areas for medical staff should be fully considered, ensuring sufficient space for emergency procedures.