Industrial Cleanroom HVAC Knowledge Points

1. Core Definition

HVAC is an abbreviation for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning. It is the core system for maintaining a stable environment in industrial cleanrooms, directly determining the temperature, humidity, cleanliness, and pressure gradient of the clean space.

2. Core Functional Requirements of Cleanrooms

Cleanliness Control: Through three stages of filtration—pre-filter, medium-efficiency filter, and high-efficiency filter (HEPA/ULPA)—particulate matter, dust, and microorganisms in the air are intercepted to meet the requirements of different cleanliness levels (e.g., ISO 5-8).

Precise Temperature and Humidity Regulation: Industrial scenarios typically require temperature control between 20-26℃ and relative humidity between 45%-65% to prevent products from becoming damp, deformed, or generating static electricity.

Pressure Gradient Management: Maintaining a positive pressure state in the cleanroom prevents the infiltration of unpurified external air; establishing pressure differences between different clean areas avoids cross-contamination.

Airflow Organization Design: Commonly used flow types include turbulent flow and laminar flow. Laminar flow is suitable for high-cleanliness scenarios (such as operating rooms and precision electronics workshops), enabling efficient dust removal through unidirectional airflow.

3. Key System Components

The system mainly includes air handling units (AHUs), fans, filters, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, duct systems, and automatic control systems. Customized configurations are available based on the cleanroom's size and requirements.

4. Differences from Conventional HVAC Systems

Industrial cleanroom HVAC systems emphasize filtration efficiency and environmental stability, featuring higher filtration levels, stronger system redundancy, and require coordinated operation with the cleanroom enclosure structure, air showers, and other equipment. Conventional HVAC systems, on the other hand, only meet basic temperature, humidity, and ventilation requirements.