Cleanroom Engineering Electrical Wiring Pre-embedding Construction Process
In cleanroom construction, the pre-installation of electrical wiring is a crucial step in ensuring overall cleanliness, airtightness, and operational safety. Unlike electrical work in ordinary buildings, cleanrooms have stringent requirements for dust prevention, antibacterial properties, airtightness, and future maintenance. Wiring pre-installation must strictly adhere to standardized procedures, balancing structural safety and cleanliness functions to avoid problems such as dust accumulation, leaks, and difficulties in later maintenance due to improper construction.
In the early stages of construction, a detailed design should be developed based on the cleanroom layout, equipment locations, and decoration plan to clearly define the wiring routes, junction box locations, and wiring specifications. In principle, exposed wiring within technical mezzanines and suspended ceilings should be prioritized to minimize concealed trenching in walls and floors, maximizing the integrity of the cleanroom enclosure structure. For wiring that must be pre-installed, corrosion-resistant and well-sealed materials such as galvanized steel pipes should be used. Ordinary thin-walled pipes that are prone to cracking and dust accumulation are prohibited to ensure the wiring itself possesses good structural stability and cleanroom compatibility.
During the wall pre-installation stage, arbitrary trenching and drilling are strictly prohibited in cleanroom corrugated steel wall panels. Conduit should be pre-installed inside the cavity of the wall panel joists and securely fixed to the joists to prevent shaking or displacement. Switches, sockets, and equipment wiring connections should use cleanroom-specific concealed junction boxes. During installation, ensure the box is flush with the wall panel, and that the joints are tightly fitted without noticeable gaps. The joint between the junction box and the wall panel must be sealed with a special sealant to ensure a seamless, smooth, and dust-free surface. Locking fittings should be used when connecting conduit to the junction box to prevent loosening and dust infiltration.
Floor pre-installation should be completed before the floor slab is laid. Conduit should be laid neatly along the floor slab and securely fixed to prevent displacement during subsequent pouring. Cleanroom-type sealed junction boxes should be used for floor outlets, ensuring the box surface is flush with the finished surface without protrusions or depressions. During pre-installation, conduit openings and junction boxes should be temporarily sealed to prevent mortar and debris from entering and causing blockages, which could affect subsequent wiring. After the overall floor construction is completed, the area around the junction boxes should be sealed to ensure the floor's airtightness meets cleanroom standards.
The ceiling area serves as the primary wiring space in the cleanroom, requiring centralized and standardized installation of electrical wires. Wiring for light fixtures, shadowless lamps, film viewing lights, and purification equipment must be arranged in the upper ceiling space, neatly secured in conduits, with no exposed cables allowed. Where conduits pass through the ceiling panel, sealing gaskets and protective covers must be installed to seal any gaps and prevent dust from entering the clean area. All bends and connections in the wiring should be smooth transitions to minimize dust accumulation in dead corners, while also providing adequate space for future inspection and replacement.
Sealing and cleanliness control throughout the entire wiring process are crucial for successful pre-installation. All conduit penetrations through walls and panels must be fitted with conduits and tightly sealed with sealant to block airflow and dust accumulation. After installation, the work site must be cleaned promptly, and conduits and junction boxes must be protected to prevent contamination and damage caused by overlapping work. After the overall cleanroom renovation is completed, wiring, connection, and panel installation will be carried out uniformly. Finally, all electrical interfaces will be sealed and cleaned and disinfected a second time to ensure that the pre-embedded wiring not only meets the electrical functions but also fully complies with the core requirements of cleanrooms to be sterile, dust-free, and airtight, laying the foundation for the safe and stable operation of the cleanroom.